diff --git a/geomagio/api/ws/DataApiQuery.py b/geomagio/api/ws/DataApiQuery.py
index d8ec41d878f5081810fefe07094c7b0440b693eb..ac88e6092a94967b8d2a3907936b88fd776c6545 100644
--- a/geomagio/api/ws/DataApiQuery.py
+++ b/geomagio/api/ws/DataApiQuery.py
@@ -74,7 +74,9 @@ class DataApiQuery(BaseModel):
     data_host: Union[DataHost, str] = DataHost.DEFAULT
 
     @field_validator("starttime", mode="before")
-    def validate_starttime(cls, starttime: CustomUTCDateTimeType) -> CustomUTCDateTimeType:
+    def validate_starttime(
+        cls, starttime: CustomUTCDateTimeType
+    ) -> CustomUTCDateTimeType:
         if not starttime:
             return default_starttime()
         else:
diff --git a/test/DataApiQuery_test.py b/test/DataApiQuery_test.py
index a74479952cde90bb1859a3f1aa50c593c2322375..117f1758c1be5f4d9668dc25208ec8fcee5a3596 100644
--- a/test/DataApiQuery_test.py
+++ b/test/DataApiQuery_test.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ def test_DataApiQuery_defaults():
     # assumes the env var DATA_HOST is not set
     assert_equal(query.data_host.value, "edgecwb.usgs.gov")
 
+
 def test_DataApiQuery_starttime_is_none():
     query = DataApiQuery(id="BOU", starttime=None)
 
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ def test_DataApiQuery_starttime_is_none():
     # assumes the env var DATA_HOST is not set
     assert_equal(query.data_host.value, "edgecwb.usgs.gov")
 
+
 def test_DataApiQuery_valid():
     query = DataApiQuery(
         id="DED",
@@ -125,6 +127,7 @@ def test_DataApiQuery_default_only_endtime():
     assert_equal(query.format, OutputFormat.IAGA2002)
     assert_equal(query.data_host, DataHost.DEFAULT)
 
+
 def test_DataApiQuery_default_only_invalid_endtime():
     # test an invalid endtime that is before default starttime
     query = None
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ def test_DataApiQuery_default_only_invalid_endtime():
     except Exception as e:
         err = e.errors()
         assert "Value error, Starttime must be before endtime." == err[0]["msg"]
-    
+
     assert_equal(query, None)
 
 
diff --git a/test/api_test/ws_test/data_test.py b/test/api_test/ws_test/data_test.py
index 93debfd214dbed52addacf18f3b545a44b8ad64c..3376e31100056e7186ce47543fad8f81d352e404 100644
--- a/test/api_test/ws_test/data_test.py
+++ b/test/api_test/ws_test/data_test.py
@@ -39,11 +39,10 @@ def test_get_data_query(test_client):
     assert_equal(query.format, "iaga2002")
     assert_equal(query.data_type, "R1")
 
+
 def test_get_data_query_no_starttime(test_client):
     """test.api_test.ws_test.data_test.test_get_data_query_no_starttime()"""
-    response = test_client.get(
-        "/query/?id=BOU&elements=X,Y,Z,F"
-    )
+    response = test_client.get("/query/?id=BOU&elements=X,Y,Z,F")
     query = DataApiQuery(**response.json())
     assert_equal(query.id, "BOU")
 
@@ -55,6 +54,7 @@ def test_get_data_query_no_starttime(test_client):
     # expect endtime to default to 1 day after starttiime
     assert_equal(query.endtime, expected + (86400 - 0.001))
 
+
 async def test_get_data_query_extra_params(test_client):
     with pytest.raises(ValueError) as error:
         response = await test_client.get(
diff --git a/test/api_test/ws_test/filter_test.py b/test/api_test/ws_test/filter_test.py
index 23dd507039097f1eb3324716710649bd9caebd98..dbd2964ea2072d8dd678ae745fe60a5f37c54f64 100644
--- a/test/api_test/ws_test/filter_test.py
+++ b/test/api_test/ws_test/filter_test.py
@@ -40,9 +40,7 @@ def test_get_filter_data_query(test_client):
 
 def test_get_filter_data_query_no_starttime(test_client):
     """test.api_test.ws_test.data_test.test_get_filter_data_query_no_starttime()"""
-    response = test_client.get(
-        "/filter/?id=BOU&elements=X,Y,Z,F"
-    )
+    response = test_client.get("/filter/?id=BOU&elements=X,Y,Z,F")
     query = FilterApiQuery(**response.json())
     assert_equal(query.id, "BOU")
 
diff --git a/test/pydantic_utcdatetime_test.py b/test/pydantic_utcdatetime_test.py
index 87f15aa44e43a6e643577afd6c3d5f39c3663cb9..232cd7b1cd6e58ecbe5b91e4eeb53efc87f900b7 100644
--- a/test/pydantic_utcdatetime_test.py
+++ b/test/pydantic_utcdatetime_test.py
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ def test_UTCDateTime_string():
 
     assert_equal(t.starttime, UTCDateTime(2024, 11, 5, 0, 0))
 
+
 def test_UTCDateTime_ISO860_string():
     # `ISO8601:2004`_ string from obspy docs
     t = TimeClass(starttime="2024-11-05T00:00:00.00")
@@ -48,6 +49,9 @@ def test_invalid():
     except Exception as e:
         err = e.errors()
         assert "Input should be an instance of UTCDateTime" == err[0]["msg"]
-        assert "Value error, Invalid time type. See obspy UTCDateTime for more information." == err[1]["msg"]
+        assert (
+            "Value error, Invalid time type. See obspy UTCDateTime for more information."
+            == err[1]["msg"]
+        )
 
     assert_equal(t, None)